Analysis of Phytoplankton Diversity in Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Ponds at Marine Science and Techno Park of UNDIP, Teluk Awur, Jepara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61741/0mv3fy53Keywords:
Phytoplankton, Water Quality, Shrimp Ponds, Biological indices , Chlorella sp.Abstract
Phytoplankton are autotrophic microorganisms that play a crucial role in Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) pond ecosystems, serving as bioindicators of water fertility and pollution levels. This study aimed to assess the water quality conditions of L. vannamei ponds at MSTP UNDIP, Teluk Awur, Jepara, using phytoplankton-based biological indices, including the diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. A purposive sampling method was applied in two culture ponds of 200 m² and 1000 m². Water quality parameters measured included temperature, brightness, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia, nitrite (NO₂⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻), phosphate (PO₄³⁻), alkalinity, and total bacterial count. A total of 16 phytoplankton genera from four classes were identified: Chlorophyta (Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Oocystis, Tetraselmis, and Westella), Cyanobacteria (Anabaenopsis, Lyngbya, and Spirulina), Bacillariophyta (Cyclotella, Navicula, Streptotheca, and Thalassiosira), and Dinoflagellata (Dinophysis, Gyrodinium, Gonyaulax, and Gymnodinium). Phytoplankton abundance ranged from 460,000 to 780,000 cells/mL, with diversity index values of 1.04–1.94, uniformity index values of 0.47–0.93, and dominance index values of 0.19–0.57. The findings indicate that phytoplankton diversity in MSTP UNDIP L. vannamei ponds is classified as moderate, suggesting a relatively even species distribution. However, the dominance of Chlorella sp. may contribute to water instability, making the pond environment more susceptible to environmental fluctuations
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.
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